How to Start a Civil Claim

Online Claim Options

1. Money Claims (up to £10,000):

• For litigants in person
• Excludes personal injury claims
• Offers free telephone mediation

2. Money Claim Online (MCOL) (up to £100,000):

• For specified money claims
• Max two defendants
• Excludes personal injury claims

Paper Claim Form (N1)

• Required for personal injury claims
• Used when online options not suitable
• Key sections:
  • Defendant details (accurate name/address)
  • Brief details of claim
  • Value of claim
• Attach Particulars of Claim if separate
• Include medical report for personal injury

Key Documents

1. Particulars of Claim:

• Concise statement of facts and law
• Explain basis of claim and remedy sought

2. Schedule of Loss (if applicable):

• List of losses and expenses claimed
• Include past and future losses

3. Medical Report (for personal injury):

• Details of injury and prognosis

Fees and Submission

• Court fee required to start claim
• Fee depends on claim value
• Help with Fees available for low income
• Submit to:
  • Online system for digital claims
  • Civil National Business Centre for paper money claims
  • Local court for non-money claims

After Submission

• Court issues Notice of Issue
• Claim served on defendant
• Defendant has set time to respond
• Possible outcomes:
  • Defendant admits claim
  • Defendant disputes claim
  • No response (default judgment possible)
• Mediation may be offered

Important Considerations

• Check time limits for making claim
• Ensure claim is within court’s jurisdiction
• Consider pre-action protocols
• Assess strength of evidence
• Be aware of potential costs
• Consider alternative dispute resolution
• Seek legal advice if unsure